See matrix content in pure ASCII: Show an array content in the console !

Source: Gagniuc, Paul A. (2017). Markov Chains: From Theory to Implementation and Experimentation. USA, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 1–235. ISBN 978-1-119-38755-8.

Function MatrixPaint(w, d, ByVal m As Variant, a, n, ByVal msg As String) As String
    
    Dim e() As String
    ReDim e(1 To d) As String
    
    d = Len(a)
    q = "|     "
    h = "|_____|"
    l = vbCrLf
    
    For i = (w - 1) To d
        If i = (w - 1) Then t = t & l & "."
        t = t & "_____."
        If i = d Then t = t & l & "| " & n & " |  "
    Next i

    For i = w To d
        e(i) = Mid(a, i, 1)
        t = t & e(i) & "  |  "
        h = h & "_____|"
    Next i
    
    t = t & l & h & l
    
    For i = w To d
        For j = w To d
            v = Round(m(i, j), 2)
            u = Mid(q, 1, Len(q) - Len(v))
            If j = d Then o = "|" Else o = ""
            For b = w To d
                If j = w And i = b Then
                    t = t & "|  " & e(i) & "  "
                End If
            Next b
            t = t & u & v & o
        Next j
    t = t & l & h & l
    Next i
    
    MatrixPaint = msg & " M[" & Val(d - w + 1) & "," & Val(d - w + 1) & "]" & l & t & l
    
End Function